Renault to produce cars in Pakistan
Argentina is located in the southern region of South America Chilean borders of nation to the west and south; the Atlantic Ocean, Uruguay and Brazil to the east; and Bolivia and Paraguay to northern Argentina has a total area of 2,766,890 square miles 1,068,296 square kilometers and is the second largest country in South America after Brazil is the size of the United States is the Mississippi river coast of the nation is 4989 kilometers 3100 miles long land borders of Argentina in total 9665 kilometers 6005 miles This includes borders 832 kilometers 517 miles with Bolivia, 1224 km 760 miles with Brazil, 5150 km 3,200 miles with Chile, 1,880 kilometers 1,168 miles with Paraguay, and 579 kilometers 360 miles with Uruguay Argentina 30,200 square kilometers 11.660 square miles of water on its territory is located on the Rio de la Plata estuary of the river Paran Uruguay and the Atlantic coast of the capital, Buenos Aires, the country of Buenos Aires has a population of 3 million, although the greater metropolitan area has 13 million s second largest city inhabitants of the nation is Cordoba, located in the center of the nation, with a population of 1 2 million.
The population of Argentina is 36955182, as estimated in July 2000 In 2000, the growth rate of the population was 1 16 percent and the nation's birth rate was 18 births per 1,000 people 59 Its fertility rate is 2 47 children per woman this gives Argentina the lowest growth rate of the population in Latin America's population is relatively young with almost half of all people under 30, however, this trend should reverse slowly so that by 2025, the differences in the number of people in each age group will be minimal in 2050, the largest group of people will be 35 to 55 years in 2010 the population of Argentina is expected to exceed 41 million Argentina mortality rates is July 58 deaths per 1 000 people, and its infant mortality rate is 18 deaths 31 per 1,000 live births in 2000, life expectancy was 71 67 years for men and 61 for women 78.
Most Argentines are of European origin, mainly Spanish and Italian This group represents 85 percent of the population of Mestizos people of European American and Native mixed descent comprise 12 percent of Argentines while Native Americans account for 3 percent of the population Spanish is the official language, although English, Italian, German and french are also spoken in parts of the Argentineans more countries are 92 percent Catholic, but there are a small number of Protestants 2 percent and 2 percent Jewish figures from the country's indigenous population about 700,000 and is concentrated in the northwest and some areas in the south There are large immigrant communities in Argentina during the 19th and early 20th century, there were several waves of immigration from Europe which included Germans, English and Italians from 1850 to traver s 1940 approximately.
6.6087 million Europeans emigrated to Argentina In the late 20th century, new groups of immigrants settled in the country, including those of immigrants Syria and Lebanon in the Middle East are now some 500 000 The nation continues encourage immigration from Europe through a variety of programs.
The economy of Argentina performed well in recent decades and the nation has one of the highest standards of living in Latin America In 2000, GDP per capita was 10,000 About half of people consider as the middle class in addition, the literacy rate is 96 percent 2 because of the relative wealth of the society, Argentina has recently seen new waves of immigration, mainly from other countries Latin America.
Argentina's population is highly urbanized About 80 percent of Argentines live in cities with populations of 2000 or some 13 million people, about a third of the population lives in the greater metropolitan area of Buenos Aires in because of this urban concentration, the nation's population density is quite low Argentina is ranked number 200 in the world in terms of population density with only 13 to 42 people per square kilometer 34 76 per square mile in comparison, the density of the US population is 28 square kilometer 4 with 73 56 per square mile.
Since the early 1990s, agricultural production has increased dramatically, although there was a brief period of decline in 1999 when production fell 4 7 percent With this exception, the production increased in average of 10 percent per year over 1990 lower demand for Argentine products by MERCOSUR partners can continue to limit exports, but a new access to markets in Europe and the United States provided opportunities for increasing production the main crops are bananas, barley, potatoes, rice, sugar cane, soy beans and soy oil, corn, wheat, lemon juice and oil averaged sunflower seeds, Argentina each year produces about 200,000 tons of cotton, although the domestic market uses only about 80 000 tonnes total production of crops in 1999 was 70 to 68 mill ions of the greatest ton crop yields are sugar cane to 19 4 million tonnes, soybeans at 18 million tonnes, wheat at 14 5 million tons, and corn 18 to 13 million metric tons.
Major livestock products include beef, chicken, duck, goose, horse, lamb, pork and turkey geographic position of Argentina is the ideal solution for livestock in most areas of the country, cattle and sheep can graze year round farming about 85 percent of exports.
Argentine farms have about 53 6 million head of cattle each year the nation exports about 460,000 tons of beef, however, a large portion of beef production is consumed in the country; Argentina beef consumption the highest per capita in Latin America, with an average annual consumption of 60 kg per sheep and pig farming is as vast There are 21 6 million sheep and 5 million in Argentina pigs, but most pig production is for domestic consumption, the nation also produces 660,000 tonnes of poultry products every year.
Argentina is renowned for its horses and has an international reputation for producing exceptional race and show horses There are about 3 3 million horses in the country Besides producing thoroughbreds for competition, there is also a extensive use of horses on ranches and farms as work animals.
The dairy sector is one of the strongest segments of agriculture in 2000, dairy products have a value of 4 685 000 000 000 Exports of dairy products amounted to 400 million in the same year growth in the dairy sector was 4 percent in 2000 and should rise at least 2 percent per year in addition to milk and cheese, a number of new products are products, including cream cheese, frozen yogurt, cream ice and specialty cheeses.
Argentina is among the 20 nations fishing fishing accounts for about 1 World 2 billion per year and the total annual harvest often exceeding 640,000 tons Since 1970, fishing catches have increased 400 percent This led to dramatic on fisheries and international efforts to limit catches of certain species, mainly swordfish Argentina is party to a number of international agreements that are designed to limit fishing and the conservation of species, however, the rich coastal waters of the country has led many fishing vessels, both in Argentina and foreign-owned, to illegally fish of many species, including swordfish and hake Since the 1970s, the number of Argentines engaged in fishing decreased by about 30 percent.
Hake is the most common outlet and represents 60 percent of total crop Although Argentina is the southernmost reach of swordfish, these fish are among the most fished species At its peak, the industry of swordfish had regular annual catch of 500 tonnes; However, during 1980, the catch dropped to 350 tonnes due to the overfishing From 1993 to 1997, catches have declined to the point that exports have ceased all current production increased again to 350 tons when it stabilized in recent years and exports have resumed.
forest accounts for only a small portion of the Wooden Argentine economy is mainly used as a building material and as a fuel source for rural Argentines There are 59 5 million hectares 147 million acres of timberland in the country's main most harvested trees are elm, willow, oak, pine and cedar cypress is harvested in small quantities for the manufacture of quebracho white furniture is often harvested for firewood and red quebracho is widely used for produce tannin for the tanning industry.
The industry benefits the country food processing processed food rich agricultural resources are consumed domestically and exported to the Mercosur partners Argentina and markets in East Asia In 1999, exports amounted to 89 million alone accounts for Brazil to 48 percent of processed foods Argentine exports to MERCOSUR, followed by Uruguay to 19 percent, Chile at 17 percent, and Paraguay 15 percent of processing accounts food for about a quarter of the total value of industrial production, or about 25 billion Among the main sectors of the industry are packing meat, prepared dairy products, fruits and vegetables prepared and cooking fats and oils.
Many of the main areas of the Argentine manufacturing sector experienced economic difficulties that began in the 1990s, the textile industry has been the hardest hit since the 1980s, it was subject to a period of consolidation that small businesses are bought by large companies efforts to make the sector more competitive with foreign suppliers have not been successful since international companies have labor costs much lower.
A major force in the Argentine automotive industry is the manufacture of a number of international automakers have plants in Argentina that produce a variety of vehicles ranging from passenger cars and light trucks to buses and commercial trucks Ford, General Motors GM, Volkswagen, Renault, Fiat, Peugeot and produce all passenger cars, while Ford and Mercedes Benz produce buses and Hunts of trucks in 1999, the total annual production was about 350,000 units expected domestic growth an average of 10 percent annually over the next decade MERCOSUR helped spur growth after the establishment of the organization in 1995, the Argentine automobile exports increased by 122 percent from 1995 to 1997 about 90 percent of exports went to Brazil because of the expected increase in production, undertaken several are planning significant investment in new facilities, for example, Ford is investing $ 1 billion in new factories for the manufacture of escorts and Ranger light trucks Meanwhile, Toyota began building a factory to produce 150 million small cars in 1995-2000 total foreign investment amounted to 8 53 billion.
Argentina has a variety of mineral resources it has significant reserves of natural gas and oil, and stocks of precious minerals such as gold, copper and iron Argentina's natural gas sector is aujourd 'hui private property, after the state monopoly Gas del Estado was divided into a number of private enterprises in 1992, the largest pipeline company in Argentina and South America is TGS, which is 70 percent owned by the US company Enron It provides two-thirds of the natural gas consumption in Argentina many international companies have entered the Argentine oil market Chevron, BP Amoco, Shell, Unocal and total French company all have a presence in the country and are looking to expand their activities such as exploration continues offshore on the continental shelf of the country is the Argentine company Repsol-YPF for about 50 percent of capacity total refining ed the country, followed by Shell with 17 percent and 16 percent Esso remaining production is divided between 4 small companies YPF US 6 billion turnover and annual plans to invest 15 billion USD in during the next decade in the new oil exploration in 1999, total oil production was 900,000 barrels per day, with exports of 372,000 barrels per day.
In 2000, total exports were mining 1 billion is estimated that this figure will increase to 2 US 3 billion in 2004, total investment in the mining sector are expected to reach 5 billion USD in 2005 major minerals include gold, lead, silver, uranium, iron and zinc in 1998, gold production amounted to 19.459 kg copper production was 170.273 tons, lead was 15.004 tons, and zinc was 35.560 tons Several major international companies invest in new operations in major mining companies include Argentina NKK Japan and the Argentine company Minera Alumbrera.
In 1994 Aceros Zapla, main steel company in the nation, was privatized Since then, steel production has increased at an average annual rate of 4 percent average of crude steel production of about 4 19 million mT most steel products, nearly 90 percent are used nationally Argentina also produces a variety of construction products which are mainly used in forest plantations and the internal timber market cover about 1 million hectares and mainly produce resin that are used to make plywood and other composite building materials declines in construction affected the building materials industry that operates at only 57 percent capacity since 1997. Although the industry construction was in decline, industrial production of building materials increased primary ment because of cement production exports in 1999 amounted to 6 9 million metric tons However, two of the main Argentine cement company Loma Negra and Juan Minetti, are at significantly increas e production, for example, Juan Minetti is building a plant 90 million that will allow the manufacturer to increase production to 1 2 million tons of cement per year.
The chemical industry in Argentina is one of the main economic sectors of chemical production accounts of the country for about 3 percent of GDP, or about 10 75 billion in annual output There are 2,300 chemical companies in Argentina Among these, about 150 are considered to be medium to large, employing more than 100 people in 1999, there were 64,410 people employed by chemical companies While many other nation economic sectors experienced little or no growth since the late 1990s, the chemical industry has experienced an average annual growth rate of 3 5 percent and an average growth rate of 3 per cent of exports of consumer demand exceeded domestic production, however, and imports of chemicals increased by 18 5 percent in 2000. the main chemicals plastics and resins, particularly those are used in the production of manufactured products.
Financial and insurance services now represent 8 percent of GDP After decades of financial instability, the Argentine banking sector started to grow and has gained credibility in international financial markets sector of government reforms have increased so spectacular competitiveness the most important reform was the 1991 convertibility law, which set the peso to the dollar and ultimately reduced inflation to about 1 percent of the insolvency debtor has kept interest rates consumers a high level of 15 to 25 percent.
There was an important period of consolidation in the Argentine banking sector, and the number of banks increased from 206 in 1994 to 132 in 1998, the 20 largest banks in Argentina accounted for 75 percent of bank deposits in the country Total deposits in 1999 exceeded 80 billion, which marked a dramatic increase from 1995 when deposits reached a record $ 37 billion There are 31 major international banks in Argentina with 374 branches the greatest American Express, Bank of America, Bank Boston, Chase Manhattan, ABN Amro, Deutsche bank, Lloyds bank, and Hong Kong and Shanghai HSBC bank Six of the 10 largest banks in the country are American or European largest national commercial bank Banco de la Nacion, which is efforts within the government to privatize the bank has met with widespread opposition because of the potential layoffs.
Part of the growth in the financial sector has been stimulated by government programs that have established pension plans privatized in 1997, the total assets of private pension amounted to 2 percent of GDP, about 6 billion by 2010, this figure should increase to 118 billion since privatization, the insurance industry has increased on average by 10 percent per year from 1998 to 2000, the total value of the Argentine market increased from 570 million to 660 million Foreign companies have increased their presence in Argentina, with US companies provide 200 million insurance-related services.
The retail sector in Argentina experienced a period of decline since 1998 has limited consumer spending country's economic slowdown, however, certain segments including restaurants and some retail franchises have undergone continuous growth small markets and points sale family owned retail were gradually replaced by larger chain stores in 2000, about 80 percent of sales of food and beverages in the country were in supermarkets and department stores in Argentina now has a chain number of major international hypermarkets department stores that sell a variety of products, including food, clothing, equipment and pharmaceuticals are examples of these international hypermarkets in Argentina include Wal-Mart, Carrefour, Ahold Casino and Makro ago now has 54 different channels in the country There are 10 W stores al-Mart with combined sales in 2000 of the largest hypermarket 300 million is the French chain owned by Carrefour, which has 162 stores and sales of 2 6 billion US in 2000, there were 1,240 super stores, supermarkets, grocery stores and 12.861 100.884 5230 stores.
One of the strongest retail market segments remaining sales of computers and computer equipment In 2000, these products recorded sales of $ 1 74 billion US IT market will grow 10 percent annually over the next decade American products account for 67 percent of large US companies market are Compaq, Hewlett Packard and IBM Besides personal computers, the best-selling products include printers, laptops, CD-ROMs, hard drives and memory expansion kits.
There are more than 30,000 restaurants in Argentina, about a third are located in Buenos Aires Despite the economic downturn late 1990, sales of restaurants have averaged 10 percent growth during the last decade, most restaurant chain is Arcos Dorados, which operates franchises of McDonald There are 160 McDonald's with average annual sales of 230 million Burger king is the second largest chain of 25 stores and 25 million in the Wendy's sales is the number 3 and also 25 shops and just under 25 million in annual sales the most profitable restaurant chain owned by Argentina is the steak house the Caballeriza, which has 4 restaurants and 10 million turnover, business Nearly 6 percent of total family income is spent eating out.
In 2000, the tourism sector has provided 57 billion US 1 in the Argentine economy, which represents an increase of 4 percent compared to the previous year in 2000, 5 million foreign tourists visited Argentina The nation Account nearly 6,000 hotels, of which 1600 are located in Buenos Aires is the tourist capital of the country and represents 73 percent of the tourist trade Many foreign tourists also visit the Argentine coast and the southern region of the nation, Patagonia a variety of international business hotels have branches in Argentina's largest hotel Sheraton is the nation, which we 60 million annual turnover is the second hotel Marriott, with annual sales of 9 million despite the recession countries, tourism has increased by 1 percent in 1999 economic recovery, tourism is expected to grow 11 percent annually in 1999, there were 18 different project s construction of high-level hotel in progress.
Coffey, Peter, editor Latin America MERCOSUR Boston Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998.
Economist Intelligence Unit Country Profile Argentina London Economist Intelligence Unit, 2001.
Embajada Argentina in Washington D C Argentine Embassy in Washington D C Accessed August 2001.
U S Department of State Argentina national reports on the practices of Human Rights, 1999 Accessed February 2001.
Whittle, Janet, et al Argentina Business The mobile Encyclopedia for doing business with Argentina, 2nd Edition San Rafael, CA World Trade Press, 1998.
Production cars_3 French, Production, French, million tonnes.